Woven textile item and filament yarn



Feb. 9, 1954 LARQS 2,668,564

WOVEN TEXTILE ITEM AND FILAMENT YARN Filed Nov. 3, 1951 'INVE R RUSSEL LAROS ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 9, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Russell K. Laros, Bethlehem, Pa., assignor to R. K. Laros -Silk Company, Bethlehem, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application November 3, 1951, Serial No. 254,778

1 This invention relates to yarn for use in the manufacture of dull, full fashioned hosiery.

" It is an object of this invention to provide a yarn filament which, when knitted into a stocking or other textile item, will minimize the light- ;refiecting qualities of nylon or other yarns comprising similar synthetic fibers without depend fing upon the use of any chemical treatment and without necessitating. any change in the textile machinery producing the textile item.

It is the object of this invention to'provide nylon or other similar thermoplastic synthetic yarn in a permanent regularly formed sinuous body. In particular, it is desired to form a monofilament thermoplastic'yarn with regular repetitive sinuous bends. This is particularly advantageous with nylon which is a monofilament thermoplastic yarn. Its smooth surface reflects light.

It is also an object of this invention to so form regular sinuous bends that this monofilament instead of reflecting all of the light which strikes it will refract the light at the bends.

" Particularly in the hosiery industry, it is important to reduce the gloss or sheen in hosiery. There has been no success attending the eiiorts to reduce light-reflecting qualities of yarn. Such efforts as-twisting the monofilament did little or nothing to reduce the gloss. The excessive gloss or sheen of nylon is objectionable in stockings because it gives the appearance to a womans limb of greater size and also detracts from the general appearance of her garments. Likewise, such yarn of nylon when woven into garments of various types is objectionable for the same reason.

' Forthe purpose of description, and acting as my own lexicographer, I name the subject of this invention, that is yarn formed with regular sin- "u'ous bends, as crinkle. I prefer with such yarn as many as 100 crinkles" to the inch. The finished result shows an almost total absence of the customary gloss associated with nylon yarn. It is a further object of the invention to provide a markedly increased resistance in the stocking to snagging, that is, it makes it much moresnag-resistant. This increased strength is also an advantage in other garments made of nylon yarn.

A further object of this invention is to provide this yarn for use in seamless as well as in fullfashioned hosiery and in all knitted and woven fabrics.

12 Claims. (01. 139-420) As nylon is a thermoplastic yarn, it is capable of'being deformed within this sinuous body as hereinafter described and of retaining that body or shape permanently. It is necessary to deform it at a temperature within the capabilities of nylon at less than the so-called boarding temperature necessarily used in the manufacture of stockings and the like.

Drawings of Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer to this phenomena in conventional woven goods.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 shows in section a conventional warp of nylon filament yarn;

Figure 2 shows a conventional warp during the weaving operation as the filling yarn is inserted;

Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 2, showing the formation that the filling yarn takes immediately after the weaving operation and after the sheds change;

Figure 4 shows the same section after the filling yarn has been preset and permanently formed by a heat setting operation;

Figure 5 shows the appearance of the same yarn after it has been removed from the cloth. You will note that it has permanent crinkles in the yarn;

Figure 6 shows in section one method of treating the yarn to impart to it the permanent crinkles Figure '7 is an alternative method of imparting the crinkle;

Figure 8 is another alternative method of imparting this deformation to the yarn by use of a heated'roll. A heated-fluid is introduced into the interior of the roll through the pipe 5a and escapes through pipe 5b;

Figure 9 is a perspective of a typical mechanism for heating, deforming and cooling the deformed filament yarn. The yarn is passed through the heating chamber Ii maintained at the desired temperature by any suitable means (not shown) and after leaving the deforming rolls Sand 6 passes through chamber 9 maintained at reduced temperature by any suitable means (not shown) to cool the yarn and set the bends therein.

3 knitting at an elevated temperature, above room temperature but below the so-called hosiery preboarding temperature, permit the yarn, to be so formed with its sinuous curves and still be subject to the pre-boarding heat in the process of manufacture of the stocking.

To this end the following is a typical process of producing the crinkle formation with the sinuous curves.

The monofilament nylon yarn can be fed in. parallel strands between male and female rolls having transverse ridges and depressions and configurations of sinuous curves to be imparted to the nylon yarn. This operation has been carried out at a temperature of approximately 30) F. The yarn can be heated sufi'iciently in ad Vance of its deformation to make that step one that is easily and accurately performed. Alternatively, such deformation may take place between a steel or some other hard surfaced mate- .rial and a similar roll made of a softer material such as rubber.

Referring to the drawings, the nylon filaments in their straight condition are designated l or 2. They pass between rolls 5 and '6 which have matching ribs 1 and depressions 8. The rolls may be heated so that at the time of formation the crinkles are deformed and permanently heat set. Immediately upon cooling, the yarn is ready for knitting or weaving.

Other methods may be used to heat the yarn as. it approaches the rolls.

It will be observed that it is also possible, as shown in Figure 7 to. utilize a steel roll or one made of bronze. or some other similar suitable material and a yielding roll Ill, preferably one made of rubber or some suitable substitute. It is to. be understood that it is preferred that the yarn, be formed into a series of sinuosities of equal spacing, equal depth and equal curvature but this is not absolutely essential. It ispossible to form these bends with a relatively sharp angle at the base of the bend or there may be other modifications that will be feasible.

It has been found that this mechanical distorting of the yarn with as many as 100 crinkles" Another result is the snag-resistance of stockings and other garments, made from yarn of this type. The same tension in knitting is applied. The resulting product is one that has much longer life, is much less likely to. be injured and run, and provides an appearance that is consistent with the clothes of the female wearer. The light difiusion resulting from this type of yarn presents a product that has many merchandising advantages and an unusual appearance in the finished stocking which suggests the desired dullness to the consumer when the stocking is displayed on the retail counter or the limb of the wearer.

My copending application of even date herewith, Serial No. 254,779, entitled Method of Manufacturing Filaments, and my copending application of even date herewith, Serial No.

254,780, entitled Stocking, cover the method 4 of manufacture and the resulting product described herein.

It will be understood that it is desired to include within this invention materials other than nylon, that is, any thermoplastic or thermosetting synthetic or natural fiber that can have applied to it the sinuosities known ascrink1es and it is desired to include such variations in temperature, methods of formation and articles from which the material is woven as may properly fall within the scope of the appended claims.

It is understood that yarns of any denier can be employed and that this invention is not limited to monofilament or multifilament yarn.

It is understood that there is comprehended within the invention and the following claims the use of synthetics, glass, as well as vegetable and animal textile materials.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is:

gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

2. A new article of manufacture in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that the normally high gloss. yarn is formed from a synthetic,

ermoplastic. fiber-forming material.

3. As a new article. of manufacture, a nor- .mally high gloss continuous filament nylon yarn having a large number, of the. order of approximately one hundred per inch, of permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and, characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item at least one of the warp and woof of which is formed of normally high gloss yarns of a thermoplastic fiber-forming material having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and characterized by uniformly low to substantiallyno gloss solely as .a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein. 5.'As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item in accordance with claim 4; further characterized in that the normally highgloss yarns are formed of a synthetic, thermoplastic fiber-forming material.

6.. Asa new article of manufacture, a, woven textile item at least one of the warp and woof. of which is. formed of normally high gloss nylon yarns having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth, and characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item the warp and woof of which are formed, of normally high gloss yarns of a thermoplastic fiber-forming material'having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent,

regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

8. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item in accordance with claim 7 further characterized in that the normally high gloss yarns are formed of a synthetic, thermoplastic fiber-forming material.

9. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item the warp and woof of which are formed of normally high gloss nylon yarns having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

10. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item in accordance with claim 9 further characterized in that the bends in the warp engage the bends in the woof at the bottom of each bend.

11. As a new article of manufacture, a woven textile item at least one of the warp and woof of which is formed of normally high gloss yarns of a thermoplastic, fiber-forming material having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein,

6 the depth of the bends being substantially equal to the thickness of the textile item.

12. As a new article of manufacture, a textile item at least a portion of which is formed of normally high gloss yarns of a thermoplastic fiber-forming material having a large number, of the order of approximately one hundred per inch, of preformed, permanent, regularly spaced sinuous bends of substantially equal depth and characterized by uniformly low to substantially no gloss solely as a result of the regular spacing and number of bends therein.

RUSSELL K. LAROS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,090,669 Dreyfus et a1 Aug. 24, 1937 2,133,237 Slayter Oct. 11, 1938 2,197,896 Miles Apr. 23, 1940 2,267,199 I-Iathorne Dec. 23, 1941 2,312,089 Gobeille Feb. 23, 1943 2,354,435 Stedman July 25, 1944 2,364,404 Thomas Dec. 5, 1944 2,394,165 Getaz Feb. 5, 1946 2,506,667 Hall May 9, 1950 2,601,451 Page June 24,

FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 1,993 Great Britain of 1885 558,297 Great Britain Dec. 30, 1943 

